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Deciphering the pharmacological mechanism of Guan-Jie-Kang in treating rat adjuvant-induced arthritis

Hudan Pan, Yanfang Zheng, Zhongqiu Liu, Zhongwen Yuan, Rutong Ren, Hua Zhou, Ying Xie, Liang Liu

Frontiers of Medicine 2019, Volume 13, Issue 5, Pages 564-574 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0676-2

Abstract: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas have attracted increasing attention worldwide in the past few years for treating complex disease including rheumatoid arthritis. However, their mechanisms are complex and remain unclear. Guan-Jie-Kang (GJK), a prescription modified from “Wu Tou Decoction,” was found to significantly relieve arthritis symptoms in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis after 30-day treatment, especially in the 24 g/kg/day group. By analyzing 1749 targets related to 358 compounds in the five herbs of GJK, we identified the possible anti-arthritis pathways of GJK, including the calcium signaling and metabolic pathways. Bone damage levels were assessed by micro-computed tomography, and greater bone protective effect was observed with GJK treatment than with methotrexate. Receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)–RANK signaling, which is related to calcium signaling, was significantly regulated by GJK. Moreover, a target metabolomics assay of serum was conducted; 17 metabolic biomarkers showed significant correlations with treatment. An integrated pathway analysis revealed that pyruvate metabolism, purine metabolism, and glycolysis metabolism were significantly associated with the effects of GJK in arthritis treatment. Thus, this study establishes a new omics analytical method integrated with bioinformatics analysis for elucidating the multi-pathway mechanisms of TCM.

Keywords： rheumatoid arthritis traditional Chinese medicine pharmacological mechanism metabolism adjuvant-induced

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Biological properties and clinical applications of berberine

Danyang Song, Jianyu Hao, Daiming Fan

Frontiers of Medicine 2020, Volume 14, Issue 5, Pages 564-582 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0724-6

Abstract: , an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the Chinese herb and other plants, has a wide range of pharmacologicalThis article summarizes the main pharmacological actions of berberine and its mechanisms in cancer and

Keywords： berberine Coptis chinensis pharmacological properties mechanism clinical applications

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design of novel proton-pump inhibitors with reduced adverse effects

Xiaoyi Li, Hong Kang, Wensheng Liu, Sarita Singhal, Na Jiao, Yong Wang, Lixin Zhu, Ruixin Zhu

Frontiers of Medicine 2019, Volume 13, Issue 2, Pages 277-284 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0630-3

Abstract: The development of new proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) with less adverse effects by lowering the pKa values of nitrogen atoms in pyrimidine rings has been previously suggested by our group. In this work, we proposed that new PPIs should have the following features: (1) number of ring II= number of ring I+ 1; (2) preferably five, six, or seven-membered heteroatomic ring for stability; and (3) 1

Keywords： proton-pump inhibitor adverse effect pharmacological mechanism toxicological mechanism pKa calculation

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Cell Therapy: Pharmacological Intervention Enters a Third Era

Wei He

Engineering 2019, Volume 5, Issue 1, Pages 5-9 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.11.017

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A novel intravenous general anesthetic--- emulsified isoflurane: from bench to bedside

Cheng Zhou, Jin Liu

Frontiers of Medicine 2012, Volume 6, Issue 4, Pages 381-387 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0229-z

Abstract: anesthesia to various fields including regional anesthesia, organ protection, as well as anesthetic pharmacological

Keywords： emulsified isoflurane (EI) general anesthesia regional anesthesia organ protection anesthetic pharmacological

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Theory and method of mechanism system design

Huijun ZOU, Qinghua LIANG, Qing ZHANG

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2010, Volume 5, Issue 4, Pages 399-411 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0116-8

Abstract: Conceptual design is the most critical and creative phase of design. Recently, increasing attention has been directed to supporting conceptual-level computer aided creative design and its theories and methodologies. Specifically, for conceptual design of mechanical products, this paper presents a novel function solving model for mechanical product design and highlights the importance of systematic synthesis to achieve creative design. Then it builds a framework as a function-effect-process-action- mechanisms (FEPAM) mapping process, which enables creative design on the basis of conceiving different action schemes. After that, several key points are elaborated including 1) representing and decomposition methods of functions and motion behaviors; 2) action scheme representing method based on network plan techniques; and 3) variation and creation methods based on action scheme transformations.

Keywords： mechanism system creative design process model function solving model process action procedure mechanismsknowledge base principle of mechanism system composition

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Formation mechanism and modeling of surface waviness in incremental sheet forming

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2022, Volume 17, Issue 2, doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0679-1

Abstract: surface quality has always been a challenge for incremental sheet forming (ISF), whereas the generation mechanismIn this paper, the formation mechanism and the prediction of waviness are both investigated through experimentsengineering application, a theoretical model for waviness height is proposed based on the generation mechanismThis work is favorable for the perfection of formation mechanism and control of surface quality in ISF

Keywords： surface waviness incremental sheet forming numerical simulation formation mechanism deformation history

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Autogenous healing mechanism of cement-based materials

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering Pages 948-963 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0960-3

Abstract: However, systematic research on the autogenous healing mechanism of cement-based materials is lackingScanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy were used to examine the autogenous healing mechanism

Keywords： autogenous healing cement-based materials healing mechanism aggregation effect

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Optimal design of a linkage–cam mechanism-based redundantly actuated parallel manipulator

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2021, Volume 16, Issue 3, Pages 451-467 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0634-6

Abstract: A redundantly actuated parallel manipulator (RAPM) with mixed translational and rotational degrees of freedom (DOFs) is challenged for its dimensionally homogeneous Jacobian modeling and optimal design of architecture. In this paper, a means to achieve redundant actuation by adding kinematic constraints is introduced, which reduces the DOFs of the end-effector (EE). A generic dimensionally homogeneous Jacobian is developed for this type of RAPMs, which maps the generalized velocities of three points on the EE to the joint velocities. A new optimization algorithm derived from this dimensionally homogeneous Jacobian is proposed for the optimal design of this type of RAPMs. As an example, this paper presents a spatial RAPM involving linkages and cam mechanisms. This RAPM has 4 DOFs and 6 translational actuations. The linkage lengths and the position of the universal joints of the RAPM are optimized based on the dimensionally homogeneous Jacobian.

Keywords： redundant actuation parallel manipulator linkage–cam mechanism Jacobian optimal design

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Cryogenic minimum quantity lubrication machining: from mechanism to application

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2021, Volume 16, Issue 4, Pages 649-697 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0654-2

Abstract: Second, the cooling–lubrication mechanism of CMQL and its influence mechanism on material hardness, cuttingThe effects of CMQL are systematically analyzed based on its mechanism and application form.

Keywords： cryogenic minimum quantity lubrication (CMQL) cryogenic medium processing mode device application mechanism

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Review on mechanism and process of surface polishing using lasers

Arun KRISHNAN, Fengzhou FANG

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2019, Volume 14, Issue 3, Pages 299-319 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0535-0

Abstract: This article gives a detailed overview of the laser polishing mechanism by explaining various process

Keywords： laser polishing surface roughness process parameters mechanism

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Creation and integration mechanism of instrumentation flexible developing system

Xiaoli XU, Qiushuang LIU

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2011, Volume 6, Issue 2, Pages 235-240 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0122-5

Abstract: flexible developing system (IFDS), this paper discusses the creation and open flexible integration mechanismBased on the operation mechanism of the modern instrumentation developing system and the research and

Keywords： modern instrumentation developing flexible interconnection flexible integration mechanism rapid integration

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Mechanism and characterization of microplastic aging process: A review

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 8, doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1700-6

Abstract:

● Methods for estimating the aging of environmental micro-plastics were highlighted.

Keywords： Microplastics Aging Degradation Characterization Mechanism

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Design of a novel side-mounted leg mechanism with high flexibility for a multi-mission quadruped earth

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2023, Volume 18, Issue 2, doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0740-0

Abstract: At present, few methods for these robots’ leg design utilize a side-mounted spatial parallel mechanismThus, this paper presents a complete design process of a novel 5-degree-of-freedom (5-DOF) hybrid leg mechanismFirst, a general approach is proposed for constructing the novel leg mechanism.With regard to the synthesis method of the parallel mechanism, a family of concise hybrid leg mechanismsFurthermore, the virtual quadruped rover equipped with this innovative leg mechanism is built.

Keywords： design synthesis parallel mechanism hybrid leg mechanism screw theory quadruped robot